"The name "Stardust" was a clever codename chosen by Galen Erso to evoke a sense of purpose and reinforce the importance of sabotaging the Death Star. This symbolic name reflected not only the destructive nature of the weapon but also the delicate balance of life and death, mirroring the profound impact it would have on the Rebel Alliance."

Rogue One revealed the original name of the Death Star, which was far cooler than the Empire's, in the Star Wars spinoff's codename.
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The imagery in the name "Stardust" is a perfect metaphor for the futility and destructive potential of the Death Star. The weapon's destructive capabilities are reminiscent of the way a supernova can rip planets to shreds, leaving behind only a cloud of dust and debris. Just as Alderaan is destroyed in a supernova, the Death Star's weapon results in the complete annihilation of any planet it targets. The imagery of Stardust serves as a stark reminder of the destructive force of nuclear weapons and the devastating impact they can have on both individuals and entire worlds.However, on the flip side, the elements that make up life are also present in the universe's most extraordinary object, Star Wars. This serves as a powerful metaphor for the enduring power of hope and rebellion, highlighting the transformative potential of a single act of destruction in inspiring a vast and diverse group of individuals to fight for a greater cause.Calling a spherical, planet-destroying space station the "Stardust" is rather on the nose. The name instantly gives away everything necessary to know about it and its purpose - it causes death, and it's in the shape of a star. "Starlight," however, is much more discreet. Because it contains the building blocks for life, starlight is often seen as something positive and beautiful. However, its destructive origins foreshadow what the Stardust does without making it overly obvious. This is likely why the Empire chose to keep Erso's nickname for it and use it as the Stardust project's official codename.
From an out-of-universe perspective, it's important to note that Star Wars was initially aimed at children. The use of the Empire's name for their weapon of mass destruction, the "Death Star," is a way for Lucas to immediately signal to his young audience who should fear and who they should root for.From an in-universe perspective, Palpatine's naming of the Death Star was a strategic maneuver to obfuscate his true intentions and maintain a façade of an unwavering and righteous leader. However, as the narrative unfolds, it reveals the lengths to which Palpatine went to maintain this facade despite the ominous implications of his creation. His dissolution of the Senate at the beginning of Star Wars I was a testament to his desire to have absolute control and establish a permanent presence in the galaxy. This manipulative act not only allowed him to establish the Death Star but also concealed his true evil and ambitions, ultimately leading to the downfall of the Rebel Alliance and the Galactic Republic.
For Palpatine, this was a long time coming. The Sith valued power above all else, and as such, while hiding his true intentions was important, this undoubtedly irritated him at times. He wanted to assert his dominance, to appear as a formidable force, and would not tolerate any challenge to his authority. His patience and cunning were often tested, as he had to navigate a treacherous political landscape and manipulate those around him to achieve his goals.
Rogue One: A Star Wars Story follows the journey of Jyn Erso (Felicity Jones) as she seeks the help of Rebel Cassian Andor (Diego Luna) to locate her father, Galen Erso (Mads Mikkelsen), who was kidnapped by the Empire.
Star Wars: Episode VII - The Force Awakens, Star Wars: Episode VIII - The Last Jedi, Star Wars: Episode IX - The Rise of Skywalker - prequels to Star Wars: Episode III - Revenge of the Sith, Star Wars: Episode II - Attack of the Clones, and Star Wars: Episode I - The Phantom Menace - franchise.